Wednesday, January 28, 2015

Assignment Three - Locke's Liberal Democracy and the Monarchy

Imagine a world where one person was able to make the rules, enforce the rules and then judge, in a ad hoc fashion, who followed, and who did not follow the rules. Their judgement could result in imprisonment and even death. It's not a form of government that many people would want to live under. And yet a quick study of American history shows that when the Colonists fought King George III during the revolutionary war - that, a Monarchy, was the form of government they were rebelling against. In addition to having complete or ad hoc power, history tells us that King George's behavior was erratic. A recent film titled, 'The Madness of King George' ventures into this discussion which, among the various maladies, included the reputed fact that during these episodes of madness, his urine turned blue. He would also speak for great lengths of time "until foam ran out of his mouth." Not pleasant and certainly not the behavior that we actively seek in our leaders today, ahem. Recently Britain's national media company, the BBC, discussed this very issue.



The human reaction to being enslaved by those with power is as old as history itself. Both Plato and Aristotle discussed this in their individual writings ~3500 years ago.


Our own American ideals, expressed largely in Thomas Jefferson's Declaration of Independence were in fact based upon the ideas of numerous others including England's John Locke.

For this assignment we want to examine Locke's ideas on liberal democracy. You can read his Second Treatise on Government, here.


For this assignment students want to:

1. Define what is meant by 'Locke's ideas on liberal democracy. To simply read his Second Treatise will probably not help the student understand all the concepts. Student's might want to source other online sites to get a clearer definition of what this phrase means.

2. Now that you understand what Locke's liberal ideas were, contrast them to the ad hoc power of a Monarch. Discuss in your essay (more on that below) what the difference between a liberal democracy and an oligarchy or monarchy are.

3. Tie-in your knowledge and experience of our trip to the U.K. to elaborate on this discussion. What did you learn, which sites did you visit, what stories did you discover that help you better understand why Locke, and later Jefferson pursued these ideas? Bring the discussion out of the sphere of academia and into the sphere of critical thinking and better understanding of what it means to live in a free society - such as the United Kingdom or the United States.

Your essay should be four, double spaced pages long and include a bibliography of sources used. Be certain that this work is based upon your learning experience and that your essay is in your words. You can quote websites, tour guides, your instructor or other credible academic and historical sources. Use APA citations in your paper including in-line cites. Finally, if you would like to include photographs from your excursion, as an addendum to your submission, you are encouraged to do so. Also, if you have any comments which you would like to share with future participants in this Study Abroad program, please email them to the Bellevue University, Study Abroad coordinator (studyabroad@bellevue.edu) and myself (rick.galusha@bellevue.edu). Please know that your quotes are provided for use in marketing efforts and that in regard to these quotes, provided outside of the assignment process, waive FERPA protection (in other words, we can use them without violating your rights to privacy as a student. Your assignments WILL have FERPA protections but the quotes your choose to share will not.)

4. Finally, in the closing paragraph of your essay, please includes any constructive comments so that we can continue to improve upon this trip. Fair criticism is encouraged since, although we cannot control all aspects, all the time, it is fair criticisms and concerns that help us improve.

Finally, Thank-You for joining us on this journey of exploration and discovery. If you enjoyed it, please tell everyone you know, if you did not enjoy the trip, please tell all the folks you really don't like.

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Assignment Two - The Influence of English Pop Culture on American society


This painting by renown Highland artist David Wilson. For more information on Wilson and his fascinating work involving light and the Scottish countryside, go here. Additional information on Wilson including bookings and highland climbing or walking tours can be obtained here.


The relationship between the United States and the United Kingdom is long and historic. Clearly England had a profound cultural, governmental, architectural and economic influence on the developing United States. Does it still? In this assignment student's are asked to examine how the 'pop culture' of Swinging London (~1963 to ~1968) influenced life in America. Specifically, using your own research and our Walk Across London, try to identify trends, social mores, norms and other activities which were shared with American Baby Boomers during this time.

The influences can be television, film, comedy, or it can be fashion,






Or the influence can be musical...including aspects such as the incorporation of English folk music, (such as bands like Renaissance, Steeleye Span or Richie Blackmore (Deep Purple), or psychedelic music (based upon the use of artificial stimulants or drugs) including the music of The Moody Blues, Pink Floyd, 'Sgt. Pepper' (Beatles) or 'Their Satanic Majesties Request' (Rolling Stones), or, perhaps, how the British kids of the 1960's transmogified African-American blues into popular music including bands such as Led Zeppelin, Peter Green's Fleetwood Mac Blues Band, Cyril Davis, Alexis Korner, John Mayall, Long John Baldry and later acts including Humble Pie, The Faces, Bad Company, Rory Gallagher, Gary Moore, Russ Tippins, Bad Bob Bates, Dr. Feelgood and Aynsley Lister.

Our goal is to recognize and examine the unique relationship between these two great nations and how they have influenced each other...and the world.



Student's should compose an essay (specifics below) which identifies cultural aspects that originated in British society during the 'Swinging London' period.


Your essay should be four, double spaced pages long and include a bibliography of sources used. Be certain that this work is based upon your learning experience and that your essay is in your words. You can quote websites, tour guides, your instructor or other credible academic and historical sources. Use APA citations in your paper including in-line cites.


Finally, if you would like to include photographs from your excursion, as an addendum to your submission, you are encouraged to do so. Also, if you have any comments which you would like to share with future participants in this Study Abroad program, please email them to the Bellevue University, Study Abroad coordinator (studyabroad@bellevue.edu) and myself (rick.galusha@bellevue.edu). Please know that your quotes are provided for use in marketing efforts and that in regard to these quotes, provided outside of the assignment process, waive FERPA protection (in other words, we can use them without violating your rights to privacy as a student. Your assignments WILL have FERPA protections but the quotes your choose to share will not.)

Assignment One: Creative Destruction, Newcastle Upon Tyne - and the music that reflects it...

How did this...


Become this?


There are three assignments for this course.
This is assignment one



1. This assignment is to help the student understand the economic theory of 'Creative Destruction' on the municipal level. For this assignment we will use music lyrics to examine and understand changes in economics and society of Newcastle Upon Tyne. The Theory of Creative Destruction was established by Austrian economist Joseph Schumpeter. Read about it here

In an essay, (specifics below), students will use the song lyrics of musical artists from the Newcastle Upon Tyne area to explore the region, its history, its economy and what effect the changes in society had upon the area. While the student is welcome to use the lyrics of any artists from the Tyneside area, several will be recommended. (Throughout this blog numerous bands are mentioned including the Eurythmics, AC/DC, Duran, Duran, and others. Students are encouraged to frame the assignment question in the opening paragraph of their essay. Some sense of history, with a focus on the shipbuilding and coal mining industries will be necessary.

Here is an excellent historical source which discusses this issue
. Student's will also want to examine the lives of the artists in order to understand the context of their music: are they singing in the first person, from personal experience, or are they being reflective? For example, why did these particular artists choose to sing about this issue? How does the artist engage the issue? What value does the listener derive from these songs? Be certain to connect the economic theory of creative destruction and the city of Newcastle Upon Tyne.


As we will learn on our trip, numerous world-class artist are from the Newcastle area.
Listen to or watch these songs. Find the lyrics online. Be certain to use the lyrics, appropriately, in the context of your essay.


Mark Knopfler, Why Aye Man, (Dire Straits). Watch





Sting, Soul Cages, (The Police). Watch




Lindesfarne, Marshall Riley's Army. Watch



The Animals (including Eric Burdon and Hendrix manager Chas Chandler), We Gotta Get Out of this Place, watch.









Penshaw Monument, County Durham


Student's might also consider Roxy Music's Bryan Ferry awkwardness with his past and the elite image he later develops. "Bryan Ferry grew up in the working-class coal-mining town of Washington in the northeast of England. Although he identifies with the political Right, as explained by music biographer David Buckley, Ferry benefited "from the progressive socialist policies of grant-aided tertiary education." Rather than going into the pits, he studied fine art at Newcastle University. As a young man, he essentially reinvented himself, leaping "from pauper to prince," Buckley writes, "and leaving the burgher well alone." Earlier, Ferry had shed what little regional accent he had. (It would have hampered him reading Shakespeare.) Having been in bands in school, Ferry moved to London, teaching art, amongst other jobs. When he was terminated, he auditioned as vocalist for prog-rockers King Crimson, but was turned down. And that's probably a good thing for music lovers.

Ferry took a DIY approach to writing music, and thus, as much as Roxy Music would be associated with Glam, Ferry's layman's methodology also would be adopted by Punk years hence. Ferry first worked with guitarist Graham Simpson, a fellow student at university at which time they'd formed an R&B outfit, the Gas Board, with John Porter, who would play bass on Roxy's second album. Roxy filled out with Andy Mackay, a reed player who had answered Ferry's ad for a pianist. Well, he did own a synthesizer, and later brought in Brian Eno to play it. Paul Thompson eventually became drummer, and Phil Manzanera guitarist, before they recorded their first album, Roxy Music."
More on Bryan Ferry and art here.

Bryan Ferry: Limbo, watch

NPR interviews Sting about his album, 'The Last Ship.'


BBC History of Shipbuilding in the Northeast, here.

Images of Shipbuilding in Newcastle, here.

BBC - Coal Mining Past & Present, here.

Byker Hill, Cushie Butterfield, and Blaydon Races are popular area folk songs that are still performed today.





And for our younger students, one of the amazing bands coming out the Tyneside area these days includes Smoove & Turrell. Their videos prominently feature scenes from the area as well as a very tasty homage to the area's history and appreciation for a music form known as 'Northern Soul Music.' Their videos include: Hard Work, Slow Down and Beggarman's Disco . The video Beggarman's Disco intimates more current economic hardships of the area. The term Beggarman is a regional term...what's a Beggarman?


Essay Specifics: Your essay should be four, double spaced pages long and include a bibliography of sources used. Be certain that this work is based upon your learning experience and that your essay is in your words. You can quote websites, tour guides, your instructor or other credible academic and historical sources. Use APA citations in your paper including in-line cites. Finally, if you would like to include photographs from your excursion, as an addendum to your submission, you are encouraged to do so. Also, if you have any comments which you would like to share with future participants in this Study Abroad program, please email them to the Bellevue University, Study Abroad coordinator (studyabroad@bellevue.edu) and myself (rick.galusha@bellevue.edu). Please know that your quotes are provided for use in marketing efforts and that in regard to these quotes, provided outside of the assignment process, waive FERPA protection (in other words, we can use them without violating your rights to privacy as a student. Your assignments WILL have FERPA protections but the quotes your choose to share will not.)

Monday, January 12, 2015

"Oh my!" The British Museum, Dracula, Frankenstein, Mummies & Elton John, Sex Pistols, Moody Blues!

I don't think that anyone would argue that even those with only a modest interest in history would find the British Museum to be one of the finest museums in the world. We will spend several hours exploring the museum. Unfortunately, because it is so large, we could not possible visit each and every exhibit. Because of this, my recommendation is that you become familiar with the museum BEFORE you leave - thereby, upon your arrival at this prestigious institution, you will be able to find and spend some "quality time" with the exhibits that are of the most interest to you. (Before we leave, you might catch 'Night at the Museum 3 - Secret of the Tomb - which is in theaters now. Preview Here.)








From statuary from Easter Island, to the mummies and the Rosetta Stone, The British Museum has some of the best known relics and art pieces in the world. Hear the radio podcast about the Rosetta Stone, here.


Recently renovated, the British Museum Reading Room has hosted some of the finest minds in the world including: Marx, Wilde, Hayek (economics), Bram Stoker (Irish author who wrote Dracula), Ghandi, Darwin, Dickens, Kipling, Orwell, Shaw, Twain, Wolfe, and H.G. Wells.




Ghandi, the Founder of Modern India




American, Mark Twain (a/k/a Samuel Clemens) who said,
"Do the right thing. It will gratify some people and astonish the rest."


In order to prepare for your time at the Museum, they have a spectacular podcast entitled, 'History of the World in 100 objects' that I highly recommend. There is also a free Smart Phone app, here. PLEASE BE AWARE - if you take your cellular telephone with you, contact your carrier BEFORE you go. I have known people that took their phones outside of the United States with making prior arrangements: their phone bills were THOUSANDS of DOLLARS (and in some cases they never even used their phone. Evidently, simply having the phone triangulate with overseas cellular towers can be enormously expensive!

This Japanese painting, 'The Wave' is familiar to most. Hear the radio podcast here. The BM also has a display that includes the Japanese version of the Kama Sutra or the art of making love. This is called Shunga. "In early modern Japan, thousands of sexually explicit paintings, prints, and illustrated books with texts were produced, euphemistically called ‘spring pictures’ (shunga). Official life in this period was governed by strict Confucian laws, but private life was less controlled in practice."



"Upon ascending the throne at the age of 13 (in 246 BC), Qin Shi Huang, later the first Emperor of all China, had begun to work for his mausoleum. It took 11 years to finish. It is speculated that many buried treasures and sacrificial objects had accompanied the emperor in his after life. A group of peasants uncovered some pottery while digging for a well nearby the royal tomb in 1974. It caught the attention of archeologists immediately. They came to Xian in droves to study and to extend the digs. They had established beyond doubt that these artifacts were associated with the Qin Dynasty (211-206 BC)." As a part of his memorial, Qin Shi Huang created armies of terrocotta warriors: a few of which as displayed at the British Museum. Here is what one, of numerous, areas near the original tomb sited looked like upon excavation.


The 'Jade Two-Header Serpent' radio podcast, here.



Anyone remember Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull? "The famed crystal skulls of ancient Mesoamerica have been a source of mystery and controversy for decades. The handful of known skulls have defied even the most advanced scientific efforts to determine who made them, when, and most puzzling, how. This specimen, owned by the British Museum in London, was originally thought to have been made by the Aztec of Mexico but was later determined to be a fake."

Many believe these skulls were carved thousands or even tens of thousands of years ago by an ancient Mesoamerican civilization. Others think they may be relics from the legendary island of Atlantis or proof that extraterrestrials visited the Aztec sometime before the Spanish conquest.

Stories about the skulls focus heavily on their perceived supernatural powers.

Joshua Shapiro, coauthor of Mysteries of the Crystal Skulls Revealed, on his Web site cites claims of healings and expanded psychic abilities from people who have been in the presence of such skulls.

"We believe the Crystal Skulls are a form of computer which are able to record energy and vibration that occur around them," he writes. " The skull will pictorially replay all events or images of the people who have come into contact with them (i.e. they contain the history of our world)."

Most archaeologists and scientists are skeptical, to say the least.

Skulls were prominent in ancient Mesoamerican artwork, particularly among the Aztec, so the connection between these artifacts and these civilizations is apt.

"[I]t was a symbol of regeneration," says Michael Smith, a professor of anthropology at Arizona State University. "There were several Aztec gods that were represented by skulls, so they were probably invoking these gods. I don't think they were supposed to have specific powers or anything like that."



Museum Floor Plans
Highlighted Objects and displays.
Search the collection online.


There will be numerous exhibits on at the BM when we are there. Most are free. The museum is also free. Poetry and Exile: works by Abdallah Benanteur, Ipek Duben, Mireille Kassar, Mona Saudi and Canan Tolon.

Also, 'Connecting Continents: Indian Ocean Trade and Exchange."For thousands of years, the Indian Ocean has been a space through which people, objects and ideas have circulated. The navigable monsoon winds enabled merchants to travel between Africa, the Middle East and Asia, exchanging valuable commodities such as textiles, spices and ceramics. From early coastal trade between the great ancient civilisations of the Indus Valley and Mesopotamia through to the heyday of European East India Companies and to the present, the Indian Ocean has remained a dynamic economic maritime zone."

Also, Bonaparte and the British - prints and propaganda in the age of Napoleon. "2015 marks the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Waterloo – the final undoing of brilliant French general and emperor Napoleon Bonaparte (1769–1821). The exhibition will include works by British and French satirists who were inspired by political and military tensions to exploit a new visual language combining caricature and traditional satire with the vigorous narrative introduced by Hogarth earlier in the century."






'Defining beauty- the body in ancient Greek art.' Online Book."Experience the brilliance and diversity of ancient Greek art in this major exhibition focusing on the human body.

For centuries the ancient Greeks experimented with ways of representing the human body, both as an object of beauty and a bearer of meaning.





'The chief forms of beauty are order, symmetry and clear delineation’ – Aristotle

'In portraying ideal types of beauty... you bring together from many models the most beautiful features of each' – Socrates




Ancient Lives: New Discoveries. Video Link here.'Discover the hidden secrets of eight mummies at the museum.'






Daily eye-opener tours
Free

30-40 minute tours - given throughout the day
Meet at the relevant gallery

11.00 Japan, Room 92
11.15 Roman Britain, Room 49
11.30 Ancient Greece, Room 17
11.45 Ancient Iraq, Room 56
12.00 Africa, Room 24
12.15 China, Room 33
12.30 Enlightenment Gallery, Room 1
12.45 South Asia, Room 33
13.00 Mexico, Room 27
14.00 Art of the Middle East, Room 34
14.15 World of Money, Room 68
14.30 Ancient Egypt, Room 64
14.45 Medieval Europe, Room 40
15.15 Ancient Rome, Room 70
15.45 Assyrian Reliefs, Room 6


Site for lunch time lectures (March was not posted at the time that that blog was created.)


As we wind-up our time at the British Museum, we'll have some leisure time. And there are four directions we might choose from which to go...

To the North, and just up Eversholt Street, within a moderate walking distance, is the home of Mary Shelley. While the home has been replaced by a modern apartment complex, the location where Mary Shelley wrote 'Frankenstein.' On a ten scale, I would rate this a four.

To the East, if the group chooses, the Charles Dickens Museum is about a mile away, located at 48 Doughty Street in London. "British novelist Charles Dickens was born on February 7, 1812, in Portsmouth, England. Over the course of his writing career, he wrote the beloved classic novels Oliver Twist, A Christmas Carol, Nicholas Nickleby, David Copperfield, A Tale of Two Cities and Great Expectations. On June 9, 1870, Dickens died of a stroke in Kent, England, leaving his final novel, The Mystery of Edwin Drood, unfinished." I would rate this an 8 but, remember, we'll have spent quite a few hours in a museum already.

To the Northwest is where Iggy Pop and the Stooges recorded the landmark album, 'Raw Power' at 31-37 Whitfield Street. Hear it. Known as a massive influence on David Bowie, Detroit's Iggy Pop is considered by many rock critics to be the Father of the Punk Rock sound. Recorded in 1977, this video display's Pop's nihlistic styling that formented a musical revolution in England and America. Live concert audio from National Public Radio, here. Since the studio is gone, I would rate this a 4 on a ten scale.




Finally, to the Southwest, in the near-by Soho/ Kensington area, is famed Denmark Street. At 22 Denmark Street is the 'tin pan alley' of England. This is where songwriters would craft their tunes which would later be sold to named performers. Elton John would begin his career as a song writer in this area and in 1970 record 'Your Song' here. (watch). The Rolling Stones recorded their first album, England's Newest Hitmakers, and the Kink's recorded 'Lola' at 4 Denmark Street (in Regent Studios).

Watch the Kinks here.

"I met her in a club down in old Soho
Where you drink champagne and it tastes just like Cola cola
C-O-L-A cola.

She walked up to me and she asked me to dance.
I asked her name and in a guttural voice she said, "Lola"
L-O-L-A Lola, lo lo lo lo Lola"


Before their infamy, the Sex Pistols lived above 6 Denmark street and recorded demos of songs that would later appear on their highly controversial album, 'Never Mind the Bollocks.' Here is a rare and wonderful video of the Sex Pistols prior to Sid Vicious replacing bassist Glen Matlock.




In his song, Bitter Fingers, from the album, Captain Fantastic and the Brown Dirt Cowboy, Elton John references the Denmark Street area in the song's lyrics,



"It's hard to write a song with bitter fingers
So much to prove, so few to tell you why
Those old die-hards in Denmark Street start laughing
At the keyboard player's hollow haunted eyes
It seems to me a change is really needed
I'm sick of tra-la-las and la-de-das
No more long days hocking hunks of garbage
Bitter fingers never swung on swinging stars, swinging stars."
Hear and read it here.



In the 1980's the promotional music video of the 1988 The Moody Blues song "I Know You're Out There Somewhere" shows a man walking along Denmark Street and then picking up a guitar in one of the shops.(watch it.)








In a more contemporary setting,Denmark Street is mentioned in Jamie T's track '368' on the album Kings and Queens. (watch it.)Denmark street include shops such as Sax.co.uk ,Wunjoguitars, London Bass Cellar ,Hank's Guitar Shop ,The London PA Centre, Macari's, Musicroom, The Early Music Shop ,Rose Morris, Rockers,Regent Sound Studio ,Vintage & Rare Guitars. [Find out more about Denmark Street here from the official site. .

There's nothing like a friendly 'earworm' to hum while we're walking about London. Scottish born Donovan's song, 'Sunny South Kensignton' is the perfect fit for our ventures about London. Lyrically the song is set in the 1960's and amid the height of the 'Swinging London' era.

Come take a walk in sunny South Kensington
Any day of the week
See the girl with the silk Chinese blouse on
You know she ain't no freak

Come loon soon down Cromwell Road, man
You got to spread your wings
A flip out, skip out, trip-out, and a make your stand, folks
To dig me as I sing